21. ‘Rest and digest’ state can be described as
(a) Sympathetic active; para-sympathetic quiescent
(b) Sympathetic active; para-sympathetic active
(c) Sympathetic quiescent; para-sympathetic active
Ans: C
22. A friend has very severe hypertension and asks about a drug her doctor wishes to prescribe. Her physician has explained that this drug is associated with tachycardia and fluid retention (which may be marked) and increased hair growth. Which of the following is most likely to produce the effects that your friend has described?
(a) Captopril
(b) Guanethidine
(c) Minoxidil
(d) Prazosin
(e) Propranolol
Ans: C
23. Which one of the following is characteristic of captopril and enalapril ?
(a) Competitively blocks angiotensim II at its receptor
(b) Decreases angiotensin II concentration in the blood
(c) Decreases rennin concentration in the blood
(d) Increases sodium and decreases potassium in the blood
(e) Decreases sodium and increases potassium in the urine
Ans: B
24. Postural hypotension is a common adverse effect of which one of the following types of drugs ?
(a) ACE inhibitors
(b) Alpha-receptor blockers
(c) Arteriolar dilators
(d) ß1 – selective receptor blockers
(e) Nonselective ß - blockers
Ans: B
25. A visitor from another city comes to your office complaining of incessant cough. He has diabetes and hypertension and has recently started taking a different
antihypertensive medication. The most likely cause of his cough is
(a) Enalapril
(b) Losartan
(c) Minoxidil
(d) Propranolol
(e) Verapamil
Ans: A
26. Reserprine, an alkaloid derived from the root of Rauwolfia serpentina
(a) Can be used to control hyperglycemia
(b) Can cause severe depression of mood
(c) Can decrease gastrointestinal secretion and motility
(d) Has no cardiac effects
(e) A spare receptor agonist
Ans: B
27. Nitroglycerin, either directly or through reflexes, results in which one of the following effects
(a) Decreased heart rate
(b) Decreased venous capacitance
(c) Increased afterload
(d) Increased cardiac force
(e) Increased diastolic intramyocardial fiber tension
Ans: D
28. The antianginal effect of propranolol may be attributed to which one of the following
(a) Block of exercise – induced tachycardia
(b) Decreased end – diastolic ventricular volume
(c) Dilation of consticted coronary vessels
(d) Increased cardiac force
(e) Increased resting heart rate
Ans: A
29. The major common determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption is
(a) Blood volume
(b) Cardiac output
(c) Diastolic blood pressure
(d) Heart rate
(e) Myocardial fiber tension
Ans: E
30. Choose the incorrect statement from the following
(a) Sympathetic system increases rate of SA node
(b) Sympathetic system causes constriction of coronary arteries
(c) Sympathetic system causes increased motility of GIT smooth muscles
(d) Sympathetic system causes constriction of sphincter in GIT
Ans: C
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(a) Sympathetic active; para-sympathetic quiescent
(b) Sympathetic active; para-sympathetic active
(c) Sympathetic quiescent; para-sympathetic active
Ans: C
22. A friend has very severe hypertension and asks about a drug her doctor wishes to prescribe. Her physician has explained that this drug is associated with tachycardia and fluid retention (which may be marked) and increased hair growth. Which of the following is most likely to produce the effects that your friend has described?
(a) Captopril
(b) Guanethidine
(c) Minoxidil
(d) Prazosin
(e) Propranolol
Ans: C
23. Which one of the following is characteristic of captopril and enalapril ?
(a) Competitively blocks angiotensim II at its receptor
(b) Decreases angiotensin II concentration in the blood
(c) Decreases rennin concentration in the blood
(d) Increases sodium and decreases potassium in the blood
(e) Decreases sodium and increases potassium in the urine
Ans: B
24. Postural hypotension is a common adverse effect of which one of the following types of drugs ?
(a) ACE inhibitors
(b) Alpha-receptor blockers
(c) Arteriolar dilators
(d) ß1 – selective receptor blockers
(e) Nonselective ß - blockers
Ans: B
25. A visitor from another city comes to your office complaining of incessant cough. He has diabetes and hypertension and has recently started taking a different
antihypertensive medication. The most likely cause of his cough is
(a) Enalapril
(b) Losartan
(c) Minoxidil
(d) Propranolol
(e) Verapamil
Ans: A
26. Reserprine, an alkaloid derived from the root of Rauwolfia serpentina
(a) Can be used to control hyperglycemia
(b) Can cause severe depression of mood
(c) Can decrease gastrointestinal secretion and motility
(d) Has no cardiac effects
(e) A spare receptor agonist
Ans: B
27. Nitroglycerin, either directly or through reflexes, results in which one of the following effects
(a) Decreased heart rate
(b) Decreased venous capacitance
(c) Increased afterload
(d) Increased cardiac force
(e) Increased diastolic intramyocardial fiber tension
Ans: D
28. The antianginal effect of propranolol may be attributed to which one of the following
(a) Block of exercise – induced tachycardia
(b) Decreased end – diastolic ventricular volume
(c) Dilation of consticted coronary vessels
(d) Increased cardiac force
(e) Increased resting heart rate
Ans: A
29. The major common determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption is
(a) Blood volume
(b) Cardiac output
(c) Diastolic blood pressure
(d) Heart rate
(e) Myocardial fiber tension
Ans: E
30. Choose the incorrect statement from the following
(a) Sympathetic system increases rate of SA node
(b) Sympathetic system causes constriction of coronary arteries
(c) Sympathetic system causes increased motility of GIT smooth muscles
(d) Sympathetic system causes constriction of sphincter in GIT
Ans: C
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