1. In the autonomic regulation of blood pressure
(a) Cardiac output is maintained constant at the expense of other hemodynamic variables
(b) Elevation of blood pressure results in elevated aldosterone secretion
(c) Baroreceptor nerve fibers docrease firing rate when arterial pressure increases
(d) Stroke volume and mean arterial blood pressure are the primary direct determinants of cardiac output
(e) A condition that reduces the sensitivity of the sensory baroreceptor nerve endings might cause an increase in sympathetic discharge
Ans: D
2. The autonomic nervous system is also known as
(a) Visceral
(b) Vegetative
(c) Involuntary nervous system
(d) All of the above
Ans: C
3. Full activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as in maximal exercise, can produce all of the following responses except
(a) Bronchial relaxation
(b) Decreases intestinal motility
(c) Increased renal blood flow
(d) Mydriasis
(e) Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Ans: C
4. Several children at a summer camp were hospitalized with symptoms thought to be due to ingestion of food containing botulinum toxins. The effects of botulinum toxin are likely to include
(a) Bronchospasm
(b) Cycloplegia
(c) Diarrhea
(d) Skeletal muscle spasms
(e) Hyperventilation
Ans: B
5. The neurotransmitter agent that is normally released in the sinoatrial node of the heart in response to a blood pressure increase is
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Dopamine
(c) Epinephrine
(d) Glutamate
(e) Norepinephrine
Ans: A
6. A direct-acting cholinomimetic that is lipid-soluble and often used in the treatment of glaucoma is
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Bethanechol
(c) Physostigmine
(d) Pilocarpine
(e) Neostigmine
Ans: D
7. Which of the following agents is a prodrug that is much less toxic in mammals than in insects ?
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Bethanechol
(c) Physostigmine
(d) Pilocarpine
(e) Neostigmine
Ans: C
8. Atropine overdose may cause which one of the following
(a) Gastrointestinal smooth muscle crampine
(b) Increased cardiac rate
(c) Increased gastric secretion
(d) Pupillary constriction
(e) Urinary frequency
Ans: B
9. The synaptic pre-ganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the lateral horn of the grey matter of the
(a) Thoracic segment only
(b) Lumbar segment only
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Ans: C
10. Which one of the following can be blocked by atropine?
(a) Decreased blood pressure caused by hexamethonium
(b) Increased blood pressure caused by nicotine
(c) Increased skeleton muscle strength caused by neostigmine
(d) Tachycardia caused by exercise
(e) Tachycardia caused by infusion of acetylcholine
Ans: E
(a) Cardiac output is maintained constant at the expense of other hemodynamic variables
(b) Elevation of blood pressure results in elevated aldosterone secretion
(c) Baroreceptor nerve fibers docrease firing rate when arterial pressure increases
(d) Stroke volume and mean arterial blood pressure are the primary direct determinants of cardiac output
(e) A condition that reduces the sensitivity of the sensory baroreceptor nerve endings might cause an increase in sympathetic discharge
Ans: D
2. The autonomic nervous system is also known as
(a) Visceral
(b) Vegetative
(c) Involuntary nervous system
(d) All of the above
Ans: C
3. Full activation of the sympathetic nervous system, as in maximal exercise, can produce all of the following responses except
(a) Bronchial relaxation
(b) Decreases intestinal motility
(c) Increased renal blood flow
(d) Mydriasis
(e) Increased heart rate (tachycardia)
Ans: C
4. Several children at a summer camp were hospitalized with symptoms thought to be due to ingestion of food containing botulinum toxins. The effects of botulinum toxin are likely to include
(a) Bronchospasm
(b) Cycloplegia
(c) Diarrhea
(d) Skeletal muscle spasms
(e) Hyperventilation
Ans: B
5. The neurotransmitter agent that is normally released in the sinoatrial node of the heart in response to a blood pressure increase is
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Dopamine
(c) Epinephrine
(d) Glutamate
(e) Norepinephrine
Ans: A
6. A direct-acting cholinomimetic that is lipid-soluble and often used in the treatment of glaucoma is
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Bethanechol
(c) Physostigmine
(d) Pilocarpine
(e) Neostigmine
Ans: D
7. Which of the following agents is a prodrug that is much less toxic in mammals than in insects ?
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Bethanechol
(c) Physostigmine
(d) Pilocarpine
(e) Neostigmine
Ans: C
8. Atropine overdose may cause which one of the following
(a) Gastrointestinal smooth muscle crampine
(b) Increased cardiac rate
(c) Increased gastric secretion
(d) Pupillary constriction
(e) Urinary frequency
Ans: B
9. The synaptic pre-ganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the lateral horn of the grey matter of the
(a) Thoracic segment only
(b) Lumbar segment only
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above
Ans: C
10. Which one of the following can be blocked by atropine?
(a) Decreased blood pressure caused by hexamethonium
(b) Increased blood pressure caused by nicotine
(c) Increased skeleton muscle strength caused by neostigmine
(d) Tachycardia caused by exercise
(e) Tachycardia caused by infusion of acetylcholine
Ans: E
I was diagnosed as HEPATITIS B carrier in 2013 with fibrosis of the
ReplyDeleteliver already present. I started on antiviral medications which
reduced the viral load initially. After a couple of years the virus
became resistant. I started on HEPATITIS B Herbal treatment from
ULTIMATE LIFE CLINIC (www.ultimatelifeclinic.com) in March, 2020. Their
treatment totally reversed the virus. I did another blood test after
the 6 months long treatment and tested negative to the virus. Amazing
treatment! This treatment is a breakthrough for all HBV carriers.