16- Acute renal failure may be distinguished from chronic renal failure by which of the following?
1) an increased urinary Na excretion
2) left ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG
3) hypophosphataemia
4) renal size on ultrasound scan
5) hyperkalaemia
Answers-4
17- Which one of the following statements is correct?
1) adult polycystic renal disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
2) reflux nephropathy is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
3) nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait
4) Alport's syndrome affects females more severely than males
5) medullary sponge kidney is typically not inherited but is a congenital condition.
Answers-5
18- Metastatic calcification in chronic renal failure:
1) unaffected by time on CAPD
2) rapidly reversed in all sites after parathyroidectomy
3) characteristically caused by calcium oxalate deposition
4) increased prevalence with time on haemodialysis
5) decreased by Vitamin D
Answers-4
19- A 33 year old male is receiving regular haemodialysis is noted to have a plasma potassium of 6.9 mmol/L (3.5-4.9) before a dialysis session. Although normally his potassium is less than 5.5 mmol/L. Which food combination from the dietary history would be most likely to cause the high potassium concentration?
1) Cereal, toast, biscuits.
2) Filter coffee, tea, boiled potatoes.
3) Milk, butter, plain yoghurt
4) Milk, ham, chicken.
5) Tomato, potato crisps, banana.
Answers-5
20- Which of the following features would be expected in acute tubular necrosis?
1) Proteinuria on urinalysis
2) Red cell casts on urinalysis
3) Urine plasma osmolality ratio is more than 1:1
4) Urinary sodium concentration greater than 30 mmol/l
5) Creatinine clearance would be expected to be normal 1 year after the initial insult.
Answers-4
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1) an increased urinary Na excretion
2) left ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG
3) hypophosphataemia
4) renal size on ultrasound scan
5) hyperkalaemia
Answers-4
17- Which one of the following statements is correct?
1) adult polycystic renal disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
2) reflux nephropathy is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
3) nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait
4) Alport's syndrome affects females more severely than males
5) medullary sponge kidney is typically not inherited but is a congenital condition.
Answers-5
18- Metastatic calcification in chronic renal failure:
1) unaffected by time on CAPD
2) rapidly reversed in all sites after parathyroidectomy
3) characteristically caused by calcium oxalate deposition
4) increased prevalence with time on haemodialysis
5) decreased by Vitamin D
Answers-4
19- A 33 year old male is receiving regular haemodialysis is noted to have a plasma potassium of 6.9 mmol/L (3.5-4.9) before a dialysis session. Although normally his potassium is less than 5.5 mmol/L. Which food combination from the dietary history would be most likely to cause the high potassium concentration?
1) Cereal, toast, biscuits.
2) Filter coffee, tea, boiled potatoes.
3) Milk, butter, plain yoghurt
4) Milk, ham, chicken.
5) Tomato, potato crisps, banana.
Answers-5
20- Which of the following features would be expected in acute tubular necrosis?
1) Proteinuria on urinalysis
2) Red cell casts on urinalysis
3) Urine plasma osmolality ratio is more than 1:1
4) Urinary sodium concentration greater than 30 mmol/l
5) Creatinine clearance would be expected to be normal 1 year after the initial insult.
Answers-4
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