11. The appearance of markedly vacuolated, nucleated red cells in the marrow, anemia, and reticulocytopenia are characteristic dose-dependent side effects of
(a) Azithromycin
(b) Chloramphenicol
(c) Clindamycin
(d) Doxycycline
(e) Linezolid
Ans: C
12. In a patient with culture-positive enterococcal endocarditis who has failed to respond to vancomycin because of resistance, the treatment most likely to
be effective is
(a) Clarithromycin
(b) Erythromycin
(c) Linezolid
(d) Minocycline
(e) Ticarcillin
Ans: D
13. All of the following factors may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity from gentamicin therapy except
(a) age over 70 years
(b) prolonged courses of gentamicin therapy
(c) concurrent amphotericin B therapy
(d) trough gentamicin levels below 2 mg/ml
(e) concurrent cisplatin therapy
Ans: D
14. Which one of the following antibiotics is likely to be most effective agent in the treatment of an infection due to enterococci if used in conjuction with penicillin G?
(a) Amikacin
(b) Gentamicin
(c) Netilmicin
(d) Streptomycin
(e) Tobramycin
Ans: D
15. Regarding the antibacterial action of gentamicin, which one of the following statements is most accurate?
(a) Efficacy is directly proportionate to the time that the plasma level of the drug is greater than the minimal inhibitory concentration
(b) The antibacterial action of gentamicin is not concentration - dependent
(c) Gentamicin continues to exert antibacterial effects even after plasma levels decrease below detectable levels
(d) Antibacterial activity is often reduced by the presence of an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis
(e) The antibacterial action of gentamicin is time – dependent
Ans: C
16. Which one of the following drugs is most likely to be effective against multidrug – resistant strains of M tuberculosis, including those resistant to streptomycin?
(a) Amikacin
(b) Clarithromycin
(c) Gentamicin
(d) Meropenem
(e) Spectinomycin
Ans: A
17. Sterptomycin has no useful activity in the treatment of
(a) Bubonic plague
(b) Brucellosis
(c) Lyme disease
(d) Tuberculosis
(e) Tularemia
Ans: C
18. Your 23-year-old female patient is pregnant and has gonorrhea. The past medical history includes anaphylaxis following exposure to amoxicillin.
Worried about compliance, you would like to treat this patient with a singly dose, so you chose
(a) Cefixime
(b) Ceftriaxone
(c) Ciprofloxacin
(d) Spectinomycin
(e) Tetracycline
Ans: D
19. In the empiric treatment of severe bacterial infections of unidentified entiology, this drug, often used in combination with an aminoglycoside, provides coverage against many staphylococci
(a) Amoxicillin
(b) Clavulanic acid
(c) Erythromycin
(d) Nafcillin
(e) Tetracycline
Ans: D
20. Which one of the following statements about “one daily” dosing with aminoglycosides is false ?
(a) It is convenient for outpatient therapy
(b) Adjustment of dosage is less important in renal insufficiency
(c) Less nursing time is required
(d) It is often less toxic than conventional (multiple)dosing regimens
(e) Under-dosing is less of a problem
Ans: B
(a) Azithromycin
(b) Chloramphenicol
(c) Clindamycin
(d) Doxycycline
(e) Linezolid
Ans: C
12. In a patient with culture-positive enterococcal endocarditis who has failed to respond to vancomycin because of resistance, the treatment most likely to
be effective is
(a) Clarithromycin
(b) Erythromycin
(c) Linezolid
(d) Minocycline
(e) Ticarcillin
Ans: D
13. All of the following factors may increase the risk of nephrotoxicity from gentamicin therapy except
(a) age over 70 years
(b) prolonged courses of gentamicin therapy
(c) concurrent amphotericin B therapy
(d) trough gentamicin levels below 2 mg/ml
(e) concurrent cisplatin therapy
Ans: D
14. Which one of the following antibiotics is likely to be most effective agent in the treatment of an infection due to enterococci if used in conjuction with penicillin G?
(a) Amikacin
(b) Gentamicin
(c) Netilmicin
(d) Streptomycin
(e) Tobramycin
Ans: D
15. Regarding the antibacterial action of gentamicin, which one of the following statements is most accurate?
(a) Efficacy is directly proportionate to the time that the plasma level of the drug is greater than the minimal inhibitory concentration
(b) The antibacterial action of gentamicin is not concentration - dependent
(c) Gentamicin continues to exert antibacterial effects even after plasma levels decrease below detectable levels
(d) Antibacterial activity is often reduced by the presence of an inhibitor of cell wall synthesis
(e) The antibacterial action of gentamicin is time – dependent
Ans: C
16. Which one of the following drugs is most likely to be effective against multidrug – resistant strains of M tuberculosis, including those resistant to streptomycin?
(a) Amikacin
(b) Clarithromycin
(c) Gentamicin
(d) Meropenem
(e) Spectinomycin
Ans: A
17. Sterptomycin has no useful activity in the treatment of
(a) Bubonic plague
(b) Brucellosis
(c) Lyme disease
(d) Tuberculosis
(e) Tularemia
Ans: C
18. Your 23-year-old female patient is pregnant and has gonorrhea. The past medical history includes anaphylaxis following exposure to amoxicillin.
Worried about compliance, you would like to treat this patient with a singly dose, so you chose
(a) Cefixime
(b) Ceftriaxone
(c) Ciprofloxacin
(d) Spectinomycin
(e) Tetracycline
Ans: D
19. In the empiric treatment of severe bacterial infections of unidentified entiology, this drug, often used in combination with an aminoglycoside, provides coverage against many staphylococci
(a) Amoxicillin
(b) Clavulanic acid
(c) Erythromycin
(d) Nafcillin
(e) Tetracycline
Ans: D
20. Which one of the following statements about “one daily” dosing with aminoglycosides is false ?
(a) It is convenient for outpatient therapy
(b) Adjustment of dosage is less important in renal insufficiency
(c) Less nursing time is required
(d) It is often less toxic than conventional (multiple)dosing regimens
(e) Under-dosing is less of a problem
Ans: B
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