11- Gaucher's Disease is associated with the deficiency of :
1) Hexosaminidase A
2) Sphingomyelinase
3) Arylsulphatase-A
4) B- Glucosidase
5) Iduronidase
Answers-4
Hexosaminidase A deficiency is associated Tay-Sachs disease. Sphingomyelinase deficiency is associated with Niemann-Pick disease. Arylsulphatase-A deficiency is
associated with metachromic leucodystrophy.Iduronidase deficiency is associated with Hurlers syndrome.
12- Which of the following is activated by Cholera toxin?
1) Adenylate cyclase
2) Guanlyate cyclase
3) Peroxisome proliferator receptor (PPAR) gamma
4) Sodium/potassium ATPase
5) The glucose-sodium transporter
Answers-1
Cholera toxin activates adenylate cyclase with generation of cAMP.
13- Which of the following is true of Gilbert's syndrome?
1) inheritance is autosomal recessive
2) serum conjugated bilirubin levels are elevated
3) serum bilirubin levels are decreased by fasting
4) serum bilirubin levels are decreased by liver enzyme inducers
5) there is bilirubinuria
Answers-4
Gilbert's syndrome is inherited in autosomal dominant fashion and affects 2-5% of the population. UDP glucuronyl transferase levels are reduced leading to an
unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. Whilst serum bilirubin levels are elevated the other LFTs are normal. Jaundice deepens after a period of fasting or intercurrent
illness but bilirubin levels are reduced by enzyme inducers such as phenobarbitone. As unconjugated bilirubin is tightly bound to albumin it cannot cross the glomerulus and so is not found in the urine. This contrasts with the bilirubin-glucuronide-albumin complex formed in patients with cholestatic jaundice
(and raised conjugated bilirubin levels) where 1% of the complex is dialysable and although most of the bilirubin is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule some bilirubin is detectable in the urine.
14- With respect to lipoprotein transport and metabolism in the body, the following statements are correct EXCEPT:
1) Arterial walls contain cells with LDL receptors.
2) Cholesterol is required for the formation of red blood cell membranes.
3) Chylomicrons are synthesized in the liver.
4) HDL is assembled in the extracellular space.
5) VLDL transformation to LDL occurs in adipose tissue.
Answers-3
Chylomicrons are formed in the gut from exogenous triacylglycerols and cholesterol. They are released into the lymph and thereby enter the blood.They are not formed in the liver.
15- Which ONE of the following is true concerning Antidiuretic hormone(ADH)?
1) Carbamazepine potentiates it's release
2) Ethanol potentiates it's release
3) It circulates in the blood bound to neurohypophysin
4) It is a cyclic octapeptide
5) It is synthesised in the posterior pituitary
Answers-1
ADH is a nonapeptide manufactured in the paraventricular and supra-optic nuclei of the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary. It acts on the
collecting ducts improving water permeability and hence water retention. Carbamazepine as well as other agents such as thiazides and SSRIs may potentiate its release. Ethanol usually inhibits release.
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1) Hexosaminidase A
2) Sphingomyelinase
3) Arylsulphatase-A
4) B- Glucosidase
5) Iduronidase
Answers-4
Hexosaminidase A deficiency is associated Tay-Sachs disease. Sphingomyelinase deficiency is associated with Niemann-Pick disease. Arylsulphatase-A deficiency is
associated with metachromic leucodystrophy.Iduronidase deficiency is associated with Hurlers syndrome.
12- Which of the following is activated by Cholera toxin?
1) Adenylate cyclase
2) Guanlyate cyclase
3) Peroxisome proliferator receptor (PPAR) gamma
4) Sodium/potassium ATPase
5) The glucose-sodium transporter
Answers-1
Cholera toxin activates adenylate cyclase with generation of cAMP.
13- Which of the following is true of Gilbert's syndrome?
1) inheritance is autosomal recessive
2) serum conjugated bilirubin levels are elevated
3) serum bilirubin levels are decreased by fasting
4) serum bilirubin levels are decreased by liver enzyme inducers
5) there is bilirubinuria
Answers-4
Gilbert's syndrome is inherited in autosomal dominant fashion and affects 2-5% of the population. UDP glucuronyl transferase levels are reduced leading to an
unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. Whilst serum bilirubin levels are elevated the other LFTs are normal. Jaundice deepens after a period of fasting or intercurrent
illness but bilirubin levels are reduced by enzyme inducers such as phenobarbitone. As unconjugated bilirubin is tightly bound to albumin it cannot cross the glomerulus and so is not found in the urine. This contrasts with the bilirubin-glucuronide-albumin complex formed in patients with cholestatic jaundice
(and raised conjugated bilirubin levels) where 1% of the complex is dialysable and although most of the bilirubin is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule some bilirubin is detectable in the urine.
14- With respect to lipoprotein transport and metabolism in the body, the following statements are correct EXCEPT:
1) Arterial walls contain cells with LDL receptors.
2) Cholesterol is required for the formation of red blood cell membranes.
3) Chylomicrons are synthesized in the liver.
4) HDL is assembled in the extracellular space.
5) VLDL transformation to LDL occurs in adipose tissue.
Answers-3
Chylomicrons are formed in the gut from exogenous triacylglycerols and cholesterol. They are released into the lymph and thereby enter the blood.They are not formed in the liver.
15- Which ONE of the following is true concerning Antidiuretic hormone(ADH)?
1) Carbamazepine potentiates it's release
2) Ethanol potentiates it's release
3) It circulates in the blood bound to neurohypophysin
4) It is a cyclic octapeptide
5) It is synthesised in the posterior pituitary
Answers-1
ADH is a nonapeptide manufactured in the paraventricular and supra-optic nuclei of the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary. It acts on the
collecting ducts improving water permeability and hence water retention. Carbamazepine as well as other agents such as thiazides and SSRIs may potentiate its release. Ethanol usually inhibits release.
More Questions & Answers:-
Page1 Page2 Page3 Page4 Page5 Page6 Page7 Page8 Page9
Page10
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