11. Neurotransmitters may
(a) Increase chloride conductance to cause inhibition
(b) Increase potassium conductance to cause excitation
(c) Increse sodium conductance to cause inhibition
(d) Increase calcium conductance to cause inhibition
(e) Exert all of the above actions
Ans: A
12. Which of the following chemicals is most likely to function as a neurotransmitter in hierarchical systems?
(a) Dopamine
(b) Glutamate
(c) Metenkephalin
(d) Norepinephrine
(e) Serotonin
Ans: B
13. Activation of metabotropic receptors located presynaptically causes inhibition by decreasing the inward flux of
(a) Calcium
(b) Chloride
(c) Potassium
(d) Sodium
(e) None of the above
Ans: A
14. This compound decrease the functional activities of several CNS neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. At high doses it may cause parkinsonism-like extrapyramidal system dysfunction.
(a) Amphetamine
(b) Baclofen
(c) Diazepam
(d) Ketamine
(e) Reserpine
Ans: E
15. This amine neurotransmitter is found in high concentration in cell bodies in the pons and brain stem; at some sites, release of transmitter is autoregulated via presynaptic inhibition.
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Dopamine
(c) Glutamate
(d) Norepinephrine
(e) Substance P
Ans: D
16. Suramin is an antagonists of ________ receptors
(a) Purine
(b) Somatostanin
(c) Neuropeptide Y
(d) Neurotensin
Ans: A
17. Which one of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?
(a) Benzodiazepines activate GABAB receptors in the spinal cord
(b) Their inhibition of GABA transminase leads to increased levels of GABA
(c) Benzodiazepines block glutamate receptors in hierarchical neuronal pathways in the brain
(d) They increase the frequency of opening of chloride ion channels that are coupled to GABAA receptors
(e) They are direct-acting GABA receptor agonists in the CNS
Ans: D
18. Which one of the following statements about the use of triazolam in this elderly patient is accurate?
(a) Ambulatory dysfunction does not occur in elderly patients taking one-half of the conventional adult dose
(b) Hypertension is a common adverse effects of benzodiazepines in patients over 70 years of age
(c) Over-the-counter cold medications may antagonize the hypnotic effects of the drug
(d) She may experience amnesia, especially if she also drinks alcoholic beverages
(e) Triazolam is distinctive in that it does not cause rebound insomnia on abrupt discontinuance
Ans: D
19. The most likely explanation for the increased sensitivity of elderly patients to a single dose of triazolam and other sedative-hypnotic drugs is
(a) Changes in brain function that accompany the aging process
(b) Decreased renal function
(c) Increased cerebral blood flow
(d) Decreased hepatic metabolism of lipidsoluble drugs
(e) Changes in plasma protein binding
Ans: A
20. Induction of various forms of synaptic plasticity is more closely associated with ______ receptors
(a) AMPA
(b) Kainate
(c) NMDA
(d) All of the above
Ans: C
More Questions & Answers:-
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(a) Increase chloride conductance to cause inhibition
(b) Increase potassium conductance to cause excitation
(c) Increse sodium conductance to cause inhibition
(d) Increase calcium conductance to cause inhibition
(e) Exert all of the above actions
Ans: A
12. Which of the following chemicals is most likely to function as a neurotransmitter in hierarchical systems?
(a) Dopamine
(b) Glutamate
(c) Metenkephalin
(d) Norepinephrine
(e) Serotonin
Ans: B
13. Activation of metabotropic receptors located presynaptically causes inhibition by decreasing the inward flux of
(a) Calcium
(b) Chloride
(c) Potassium
(d) Sodium
(e) None of the above
Ans: A
14. This compound decrease the functional activities of several CNS neurotransmitters, including dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. At high doses it may cause parkinsonism-like extrapyramidal system dysfunction.
(a) Amphetamine
(b) Baclofen
(c) Diazepam
(d) Ketamine
(e) Reserpine
Ans: E
15. This amine neurotransmitter is found in high concentration in cell bodies in the pons and brain stem; at some sites, release of transmitter is autoregulated via presynaptic inhibition.
(a) Acetylcholine
(b) Dopamine
(c) Glutamate
(d) Norepinephrine
(e) Substance P
Ans: D
16. Suramin is an antagonists of ________ receptors
(a) Purine
(b) Somatostanin
(c) Neuropeptide Y
(d) Neurotensin
Ans: A
17. Which one of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?
(a) Benzodiazepines activate GABAB receptors in the spinal cord
(b) Their inhibition of GABA transminase leads to increased levels of GABA
(c) Benzodiazepines block glutamate receptors in hierarchical neuronal pathways in the brain
(d) They increase the frequency of opening of chloride ion channels that are coupled to GABAA receptors
(e) They are direct-acting GABA receptor agonists in the CNS
Ans: D
18. Which one of the following statements about the use of triazolam in this elderly patient is accurate?
(a) Ambulatory dysfunction does not occur in elderly patients taking one-half of the conventional adult dose
(b) Hypertension is a common adverse effects of benzodiazepines in patients over 70 years of age
(c) Over-the-counter cold medications may antagonize the hypnotic effects of the drug
(d) She may experience amnesia, especially if she also drinks alcoholic beverages
(e) Triazolam is distinctive in that it does not cause rebound insomnia on abrupt discontinuance
Ans: D
19. The most likely explanation for the increased sensitivity of elderly patients to a single dose of triazolam and other sedative-hypnotic drugs is
(a) Changes in brain function that accompany the aging process
(b) Decreased renal function
(c) Increased cerebral blood flow
(d) Decreased hepatic metabolism of lipidsoluble drugs
(e) Changes in plasma protein binding
Ans: A
20. Induction of various forms of synaptic plasticity is more closely associated with ______ receptors
(a) AMPA
(b) Kainate
(c) NMDA
(d) All of the above
Ans: C
More Questions & Answers:-
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