31- In a patient presenting with aortic stenosis, which of the following findings would be most helpful in establishing a diagnosis of congenital bicuspid valve as the etiology?
1) age
2) calcified leaflets
3) commissural fusion on ECHO
4) negative history for rheumatic fever
5) systolic ejection click
Answer-5
32- A 55-year-old woman was found to have ++ glycosuria and had a maternal history of Type II diabetes mellitus. She was a smoker of 20 cigarettes per day. Examination reveals no specific abnormalities apart from a BMI of 30. Blood pressure was 132/88 mmHg. Investigations reveal:
serum creatinine 80 µmol/L (60 – 110) plasma glucose (fasting) 11.3 mmol/L (3.0 – 6.0) total serum cholesterol 5.5 mmol/L (<5.2) HDL cholesterol 1.4 mmol/L (>1.55) What is most likely to improve her life expectancy?
1) Metformin 500 mg bd
2) Ramipril 10 mg daily
3) Simvastatin 10 mg daily
4) Stopping smoking
5) Weight loss to achieve a BMI of 25
Answer-4
33- Which of the following concerning the use of intravenous bicarbonate in cardiorespiratory arrest is correct?
1) exacerbates intracellular acidosis
2) has a positive inotropic effect on ischaemic myocardium
3) improves oxygen release to the tissues
4) increases cerebral blood flow
5) reduces pre-existent hyperkalemia
Answer-1
34- Primary prevention trials for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia reveal a reduction in all cause mortality following treatment with which of the following?
1) Fibrates
2) Fish Oils
3) Nicotinic acid
4) Resins
5) Statins
Answer-5
35- A 30-year-old man presents with a history of transient loss of consciousness and palpitations. His ECG shows ventricular tachycardia. Which of the following treatments should be avoided?
1) adenosine
2) amiodarone
3) DC cardioversion
4) flecainide
5) verapamil
Answer-5
36- A 56 year old male with left ventricular systolic dysfunction was dyspnoeic on climbing stairs but not at rest. The patient was commenced on ramipril and frusemide. Which one of the following drugs would improve the patient's prognosis?
1) Amiodarone
2) Amlodipine
3) Bisoprolol
4) Digoxin
5) Nitrate therapy
Answer-3
This patient has NYHA stage II heart failure. Studies such as CIBIS-II and MERITHF reveal that beta-blockers significantly reduce morbidity and mortality in heart
failure.
37- A 44-year-old man has had no major medical problems throughout his life, except for arthritis pain involving all extremities for the past couple of years. He has had worsening orthopnoea and ankle oedema in the past six months. He is afebrile. There is no chest pain. A chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly with both enlarged left and right heart borders, along with pulmonary oedema. Laboratory test findings include sodium 139 mmol/L, potassium 4.3 mmol/L, urea 7 mmol/L creatinine 95 µmol/L, and glucose 8.6 mmol/L. Which of the following additional laboratory test findings is he most likely to have?
1) Anti-centromere antibody titer of 1:320
2) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 79 mm/Hr
3) Haemoglobin of 10.7 g/dL with MCV of 72 fL
4) Serum ferritin of 3400 pmol/L
5) Spherocytes in his peripheral blood smear
Answer-4
38- Which of the following is a recognised feature of abetalipoproteinaemia?
1) a high serum cholesterol
2) palmar xanthomas
3) advanced atherosclerotic vascular disease
4) abnormal red blood cell morphology
5) severe mental retardation
Answer-4
Acanthocytes are seen in abetalipoproteinaemia.
Retinitis pigmentosa is seen in abetalipoproteinaemia. Mental retardation is not present but motor abnormalities and neurodegenerative are seen.
39- Which of the following infections is least likely to cause myocarditis?
1) Coxsackie virus
2) Diphtheria
3) Chagas Disease
4) Syphillis
5) Toxoplasmosis
Answer-4
Quaternary syphilis involves the cardiovascular system commonly in form of ascending aortic aneurysm and aortic regurgitation. Diphtheria,coxsackie virus,
Chagas disease and toxoplasmosis are all associated with myocarditis.
40- A 68 year old woman was admitted to hospital with evidence of biventricular cardiac failure. On examination her pulse was 100 beats per minute (sinus rhythm), and her blood pressure was 140/60 mmHg. She had haemorrhages in both fundi. Her condition improved after intravenous diuretics. Investigations revealed: haemoglobin 5.6 g/dl (11.5 – 16.5) haematocrit 0.19 (0.36 – 0.47) MCV 118 fl (80 – 96) MCH 33.0 pg (28 – 32) WCC 3.4 x 109/L (4 – 11) platelet count 95 x 109/L (150 – 400) What is the next most appropriate step in management?
1) blood transfusion
2) bone marrow aspiration
3) intramuscular vitamin B12 alone
4) intramuscular vitamin B12 and oral folic acid together
5) oral folic acid alone
Answer-2
More Questions & Answers:-
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1) age
2) calcified leaflets
3) commissural fusion on ECHO
4) negative history for rheumatic fever
5) systolic ejection click
Answer-5
32- A 55-year-old woman was found to have ++ glycosuria and had a maternal history of Type II diabetes mellitus. She was a smoker of 20 cigarettes per day. Examination reveals no specific abnormalities apart from a BMI of 30. Blood pressure was 132/88 mmHg. Investigations reveal:
serum creatinine 80 µmol/L (60 – 110) plasma glucose (fasting) 11.3 mmol/L (3.0 – 6.0) total serum cholesterol 5.5 mmol/L (<5.2) HDL cholesterol 1.4 mmol/L (>1.55) What is most likely to improve her life expectancy?
1) Metformin 500 mg bd
2) Ramipril 10 mg daily
3) Simvastatin 10 mg daily
4) Stopping smoking
5) Weight loss to achieve a BMI of 25
Answer-4
33- Which of the following concerning the use of intravenous bicarbonate in cardiorespiratory arrest is correct?
1) exacerbates intracellular acidosis
2) has a positive inotropic effect on ischaemic myocardium
3) improves oxygen release to the tissues
4) increases cerebral blood flow
5) reduces pre-existent hyperkalemia
Answer-1
34- Primary prevention trials for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia reveal a reduction in all cause mortality following treatment with which of the following?
1) Fibrates
2) Fish Oils
3) Nicotinic acid
4) Resins
5) Statins
Answer-5
35- A 30-year-old man presents with a history of transient loss of consciousness and palpitations. His ECG shows ventricular tachycardia. Which of the following treatments should be avoided?
1) adenosine
2) amiodarone
3) DC cardioversion
4) flecainide
5) verapamil
Answer-5
36- A 56 year old male with left ventricular systolic dysfunction was dyspnoeic on climbing stairs but not at rest. The patient was commenced on ramipril and frusemide. Which one of the following drugs would improve the patient's prognosis?
1) Amiodarone
2) Amlodipine
3) Bisoprolol
4) Digoxin
5) Nitrate therapy
Answer-3
This patient has NYHA stage II heart failure. Studies such as CIBIS-II and MERITHF reveal that beta-blockers significantly reduce morbidity and mortality in heart
failure.
37- A 44-year-old man has had no major medical problems throughout his life, except for arthritis pain involving all extremities for the past couple of years. He has had worsening orthopnoea and ankle oedema in the past six months. He is afebrile. There is no chest pain. A chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly with both enlarged left and right heart borders, along with pulmonary oedema. Laboratory test findings include sodium 139 mmol/L, potassium 4.3 mmol/L, urea 7 mmol/L creatinine 95 µmol/L, and glucose 8.6 mmol/L. Which of the following additional laboratory test findings is he most likely to have?
1) Anti-centromere antibody titer of 1:320
2) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 79 mm/Hr
3) Haemoglobin of 10.7 g/dL with MCV of 72 fL
4) Serum ferritin of 3400 pmol/L
5) Spherocytes in his peripheral blood smear
Answer-4
38- Which of the following is a recognised feature of abetalipoproteinaemia?
1) a high serum cholesterol
2) palmar xanthomas
3) advanced atherosclerotic vascular disease
4) abnormal red blood cell morphology
5) severe mental retardation
Answer-4
Acanthocytes are seen in abetalipoproteinaemia.
Retinitis pigmentosa is seen in abetalipoproteinaemia. Mental retardation is not present but motor abnormalities and neurodegenerative are seen.
39- Which of the following infections is least likely to cause myocarditis?
1) Coxsackie virus
2) Diphtheria
3) Chagas Disease
4) Syphillis
5) Toxoplasmosis
Answer-4
Quaternary syphilis involves the cardiovascular system commonly in form of ascending aortic aneurysm and aortic regurgitation. Diphtheria,coxsackie virus,
Chagas disease and toxoplasmosis are all associated with myocarditis.
40- A 68 year old woman was admitted to hospital with evidence of biventricular cardiac failure. On examination her pulse was 100 beats per minute (sinus rhythm), and her blood pressure was 140/60 mmHg. She had haemorrhages in both fundi. Her condition improved after intravenous diuretics. Investigations revealed: haemoglobin 5.6 g/dl (11.5 – 16.5) haematocrit 0.19 (0.36 – 0.47) MCV 118 fl (80 – 96) MCH 33.0 pg (28 – 32) WCC 3.4 x 109/L (4 – 11) platelet count 95 x 109/L (150 – 400) What is the next most appropriate step in management?
1) blood transfusion
2) bone marrow aspiration
3) intramuscular vitamin B12 alone
4) intramuscular vitamin B12 and oral folic acid together
5) oral folic acid alone
Answer-2
More Questions & Answers:-
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Thank you for the update, very nice site.. best hospital for cardiac surgery in Hyderabad
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