Sunday 13 December 2015

Genetics Objective Type Questions And Answers

11- Transcription RNA (tRNA) has three bases specific for a particular amino acid with which it binds to messenger RNA (mRNA). This specific area of tRNA is called the
1) anticodon
2) codon
3) exon
4) intron
5) transposon
Answers-1
mRNA has codons which are bound by the anticodons on tRNA during translation of protein synthesis. Exons are non-coding sequences in the mRNA and introns are
areas of unknown function. Transposons are genetic sequences that have been transposed from one part of DNA to another.

12- A 44-year-old man has had no major medical problems throughout his life, except for arthritis pain involving all extremities for the past couple of years. He has had worsening orthopnoea and ankle oedema in the past six months. He is afebrile. There is no chest pain. A chest X-ray shows cardiomegaly with both enlarged left and right heart borders, along with pulmonary oedema. Laboratory test findings include sodium 139 mmol/L, potassium 4.3 mmol/L, urea 7 mmol/L creatinine 95 µmol/L, and glucose 8.6 mmol/L. Which of the following additional laboratory test findings is he most likely to have?
1) Anti-centromere antibody titer of 1:320
2) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 79 mm/Hr
3) Haemoglobin of 10.7 g/dL with MCV of 72 fL
4) Serum ferritin of 3400 pmol/L
5) Spherocytes in his peripheral blood smear
Answers-4

13- Which ONE of the following is associated with Marfan's syndrome?
1) Autosomal recessive inheritance
2) increased upper : lower body ratio
3) Mental retardation
4) Pulmonary stenosis
5) Retinal detachment
Answers-5

14- Autosomal recessive disorders include
1) Achondroplasia
2) Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
3) Familial hypercholesterolaemia
4) Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia
5) Huntington's disease
Answers-2
All the others are autosomal dominant of course.

15- In Down syndrome, which is the commonest congenital heart defect?
1) Atrial septal defect
2) Atrioventricular septal defect
3) Patent ductus arteriosus
4) Tetralogy of Fallot
5) Ventricular septal defect
Answers-2
50% of Down syndrome births have congenital heart disease. Defects in order of decreasing frequency are: B, E, C, D and A.


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