11. The kidneys contribute to calcium homeostasis by secreting:
a. Renin
b. Angiotensin II
c. Erythropoitein
d. 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol
Ans: D
12. Which of the following leads to a decrease in the GFR?
a. Increase in blood pressure.
b. Blockage of the ureter by a stone.
c. Increase in filtration coefficient (Kf).
d. Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole.
Ans: B
13. Which one of the following parts of a nephron reabsorbs potassium maximally?
a. Proximal tubule.
b. Loop of Henle.
c. Distal tubule.
d. Collecting duct.
Ans: A
14. The reabsorption of amino acids from the renal tubular lumen into the cells:
a. Is a passive process.
b. Is a primary active process.
c. Occurs mainly in the distal tubule.
d. Depends on the presence of sodium in the filtrate.
Ans: D
15. When the dietary intake of K+ increases, body K+ balance is maintained by an increase in K+ excretion primarily by which of the following?
a. Decreased glomerular filtration of K+.
b. Decreased K+ reabsorption by the proximal tubule.
c. Decreased K+ reabsorption by the loop of Henle.
d. Increased K+ secretion by the late distal and collecting tubules.
Ans: D
16. Aldosterone acts on principal cells in cortical collecting ducts to:
a. Increase calcium secretion
b. Increase potassium secretion
c. Decrease sodium reabsorption
d. Decrease water permeability
Ans: B
17. Which of the following is the effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney?
a. Increased permeability of the distal nephron to water.
b. Decreased excretion of sodium.
c. Increased excretion of water.
d. Increased diameter of the renal artery.
Ans: A
18. Hyponatremia (deceased plasma sodium concentration) will result from excess secretion of which of the following?
a. Vasopressin (ADH)
b. Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANP)
c. Norepinephrine
d. Angiotensin II
Ans: B
19. The effect of PTH on the kidney is to:
a. Increase Ca excretion and increase phosphate excretion
b. Increase Ca excretion and decrease phosphate excretion
c. Decrease Ca excretion and increase phosphate excretion
d. Decrease Ca excretion and decrease phosphate excretion
Ans: C
20. Which one of the following takes place when the plasma osmolarity increases?
a. Decrease in water intake
b. Decreased ADH secretion
c. Retention of water
d. Increase aldosterone secretion
Ans: C
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a. Renin
b. Angiotensin II
c. Erythropoitein
d. 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol
Ans: D
12. Which of the following leads to a decrease in the GFR?
a. Increase in blood pressure.
b. Blockage of the ureter by a stone.
c. Increase in filtration coefficient (Kf).
d. Vasodilation of the afferent arteriole.
Ans: B
13. Which one of the following parts of a nephron reabsorbs potassium maximally?
a. Proximal tubule.
b. Loop of Henle.
c. Distal tubule.
d. Collecting duct.
Ans: A
14. The reabsorption of amino acids from the renal tubular lumen into the cells:
a. Is a passive process.
b. Is a primary active process.
c. Occurs mainly in the distal tubule.
d. Depends on the presence of sodium in the filtrate.
Ans: D
15. When the dietary intake of K+ increases, body K+ balance is maintained by an increase in K+ excretion primarily by which of the following?
a. Decreased glomerular filtration of K+.
b. Decreased K+ reabsorption by the proximal tubule.
c. Decreased K+ reabsorption by the loop of Henle.
d. Increased K+ secretion by the late distal and collecting tubules.
Ans: D
16. Aldosterone acts on principal cells in cortical collecting ducts to:
a. Increase calcium secretion
b. Increase potassium secretion
c. Decrease sodium reabsorption
d. Decrease water permeability
Ans: B
17. Which of the following is the effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney?
a. Increased permeability of the distal nephron to water.
b. Decreased excretion of sodium.
c. Increased excretion of water.
d. Increased diameter of the renal artery.
Ans: A
18. Hyponatremia (deceased plasma sodium concentration) will result from excess secretion of which of the following?
a. Vasopressin (ADH)
b. Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANP)
c. Norepinephrine
d. Angiotensin II
Ans: B
19. The effect of PTH on the kidney is to:
a. Increase Ca excretion and increase phosphate excretion
b. Increase Ca excretion and decrease phosphate excretion
c. Decrease Ca excretion and increase phosphate excretion
d. Decrease Ca excretion and decrease phosphate excretion
Ans: C
20. Which one of the following takes place when the plasma osmolarity increases?
a. Decrease in water intake
b. Decreased ADH secretion
c. Retention of water
d. Increase aldosterone secretion
Ans: C
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